CVE-2023-39780
ASUS RT-AX55 Routers OS Command Injection Vulnerability
ASUS RT-AX55 Routers
On ASUS RT-AX55 3.0.0.4.386.51598 devices, authenticated attackers can perform OS command injection via the /start_apply.htm qos_bw_rulelist parameter. NOTE: for the similar "token-generated module" issue, see CVE-2023-41345; for the similar "token-refresh module" issue, see CVE-2023-41346; for the similar "check token module" issue, see CVE-2023-41347; and for the similar "code-authentication module" issue, see CVE-2023-41348.
Exploitation status
CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
Listed by CISA on 2 June 2025. US federal agencies were required to remediate it by 23 June 2025.
EPSS — exploitation probability
FIRST puts the probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days at 39.5%, which is higher than 98.6% of all scored vulnerabilities. EPSS is a forecast of activity, not a measure of severity, and it is rescored daily.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Frequently asked questions
Is CVE-2023-39780 being exploited by ransomware groups?
No ransomware group in this database is currently recorded as exploiting CVE-2023-39780.
What does CVE-2023-39780 affect?
CVE-2023-39780 affects ASUS RT-AX55 Routers. On ASUS RT-AX55 3.0.0.4.386.51598 devices, authenticated attackers can perform OS command injection via the /start_apply.htm qos_bw_rulelist parameter. NOTE: for the similar "token-generated module" issue, see CVE-2023-41345; for the similar "token-refresh module" issue, see CVE-2023-41346; for the similar "check token module" issue, see CVE-2023-41347; and for the similar "code-authentication module" issue, see CVE-2023-41348.
How severe is CVE-2023-39780?
CVE-2023-39780 is rated HIGH with a CVSS base score of 8.8. EPSS puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 39.5%, higher than 98.6% of all scored vulnerabilities. It is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, with a federal remediation deadline of 23 June 2025.
How should organisations respond to CVE-2023-39780?
Apply the vendor patch for ASUS RT-AX55 Routers as the first priority, and treat any internet-facing instance as the most urgent. Because this vulnerability is associated with ransomware activity, also review whether the affected systems were reachable before patching, rather than assuming that patching alone closes the incident.