CVE-2025-31201
Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability
Apple Multiple Products
This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.
Exploitation status
CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
Listed by CISA on 17 April 2025. US federal agencies were required to remediate it by 8 May 2025.
EPSS — exploitation probability
FIRST puts the probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days at 14%, which is higher than 96.5% of all scored vulnerabilities. EPSS is a forecast of activity, not a measure of severity, and it is rescored daily.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Frequently asked questions
Is CVE-2025-31201 being exploited by ransomware groups?
No ransomware group in this database is currently recorded as exploiting CVE-2025-31201.
What does CVE-2025-31201 affect?
CVE-2025-31201 affects Apple Multiple Products. This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.
How severe is CVE-2025-31201?
CVE-2025-31201 is rated CRITICAL with a CVSS base score of 9.8. EPSS puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 14%, higher than 96.5% of all scored vulnerabilities. It is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, with a federal remediation deadline of 8 May 2025.
How should organisations respond to CVE-2025-31201?
Apply the vendor patch for Apple Multiple Products as the first priority, and treat any internet-facing instance as the most urgent. Because this vulnerability is associated with ransomware activity, also review whether the affected systems were reachable before patching, rather than assuming that patching alone closes the incident.