Cyber Threat Intelligence
CTI Academy Sponsor CTI Academy
OR
Ransomware Victim Healthcare

Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut

Ransomware attack by Incransom · Disclosed April 14, 2025 · 🇺🇸 United States

orthospecct.com

Date Disclosed
Apr 14, 2025
2025
Threat Group
Incransom
900 total victims
Country
🇺🇸 United States
Industry
Healthcare

ThreatAI Analysis

Compiled from this incident record and the threat intelligence profile for Incransom. Figures and technique mappings are quoted from the source data, not inferred.

About the Incransom group

INC Ransom is a prolific ransomware-as-a-service operation active since July 2023 that systematically targets healthcare, government, education, and manufacturing sectors in North America and Europe, having posted over 200 victims in 2025 alone with no sector off-limits. Incransom has listed 933 victims since August 2023.

How Incransom is documented to operate

Valid Accounts T1078 Stealth Persistence

Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop. Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network.

Mitigations: Application Developer Guidance, User Training, Password Policies, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management, Multi-factor Authentication

MITRE ATT&CK reference →
Exploit Public-Facing Application T1190 Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network. The weakness in the system can be a software bug, a temporary glitch, or a misconfiguration. Exploited applications are often websites/web servers, but can also include databases (like SQL), standard services (like SMB or SSH), network device administration and management protocols (like SNMP and Smart Install), and any other system with Internet-accessible open sockets. On ESXi infrastructure, adversaries may exploit exposed OpenSLP services; they may alternatively exploit exposed VMware vCenter servers.

Mitigations: Vulnerability Scanning, Limit Access to Resource Over Network, Filter Network Traffic, Network Segmentation, Privileged Account Management, Application Isolation and Sandboxing

MITRE ATT&CK reference →
Phishing T1566 Initial Access

Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems. All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns. Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems. Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms.

Mitigations: Network Intrusion Prevention, Restrict Web-Based Content, User Training, Antivirus/Antimalware, Software Configuration, Audit

MITRE ATT&CK reference →
Windows Management Instrumentation T1047 Execution

Adversaries may abuse Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious commands and payloads. WMI is designed for programmers and is the infrastructure for management data and operations on Windows systems. WMI is an administration feature that provides a uniform environment to access Windows system components. The WMI service enables both local and remote access, though the latter is facilitated by Remote Services such as Distributed Component Object Model and Windows Remote Management. Remote WMI over DCOM operates using port 135, whereas WMI over WinRM operates over port 5985 when using HTTP and 5986 for HTTPS.

Mitigations: Execution Prevention, Behavior Prevention on Endpoint, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management

MITRE ATT&CK reference →

MITRE ATT&CK techniques attributed to Incransom across its recorded activity, not a finding about how Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut was reached.

Vulnerabilities Incransom is recorded exploiting

2 of these 2 are in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, 2 of them recorded by CISA as used in ransomware campaigns. CVEs attributed to Incransom across its reported activity. There is no indication that any of these was involved in the Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut incident — the source data does not record an entry point.

Incident Analysis

Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut was targeted by Incransom ransomware, one of the most active ransomware groups in our database with 900 confirmed victims globally. The attack was disclosed on April 14, 2025, when Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut appeared on the group's dark web leak site.

Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut is based in United States , operating in the Healthcare sector. United States ranks #1 globally for ransomware attacks, with 9,476 victims in our database.

Sector context: Healthcare organisations are high-value ransomware targets because patient data is extremely sensitive, regulatory penalties for breaches are severe, and operational downtime can threaten patient safety — all factors that increase ransom payment pressure.

Incransom typically employs a double extortion model: first exfiltrating sensitive data from the victim's systems, then deploying ransomware to encrypt files. Victims face two simultaneous threats — paying to restore access and paying to prevent publication of stolen data. The group's leak site publishes victim names and exfiltrated data as leverage.

Data source: This incident record is sourced from public ransomware group leak site disclosures aggregated via the ransomware.live API. Disclosure date reflects when the victim was published on the leak site, which may differ from the initial date of compromise. This platform does not publish or link to stolen data. Last data update: Sep 12, 2026 16:00 UTC.

Frequently Asked Questions

Was Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut attacked by ransomware?

Yes. Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut was listed as a victim of the Incransom ransomware group on April 14, 2025. The organisation is based in United States and operates in the Healthcare sector. The disclosure appeared on the group's dark web leak site.

Which ransomware group attacked Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut?

Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut was attacked by Incransom ransomware. Incransom is one of the most active ransomware groups, having claimed 900 victims globally. The group typically employs a double-extortion model: encrypting the victim's files and threatening to publish stolen data.

When did the Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut ransomware attack occur?

The ransomware attack on Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut was disclosed on April 14, 2025. This date reflects when the victim was published on the threat group's leak site, which may differ from the actual date of initial compromise.

What data was stolen in the Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut ransomware attack?

The specific data stolen from Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut has not been independently verified by this platform. Ransomware groups typically exfiltrate data before encrypting systems and use the threat of publication to pressure victims. As a Healthcare organisation, Orthopaedic Specialists of Connecticut likely held patient records, medical data, and personally identifiable information (PII).

How can organisations protect against Incransom attacks?

To defend against Incransom and similar threat actors, organisations should: maintain regular offline backups tested for restoration; implement network segmentation to limit lateral movement; deploy multi-factor authentication on all remote access; use endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools; conduct regular phishing and security awareness training; and monitor threat intelligence feeds for indicators of compromise (IOCs) associated with active groups.