BA

Babuk2 Ransomware

Tracked

Threat actor group tracked in the global ransomware database ยท Last disclosure: Apr 23, 2025

Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) Double Extortion Target: Public Sector
180
Total Victims
0.8% of all tracked
52
Countries Targeted
14
Sectors Targeted
2025
First Seen

ThreatAI Analysis

Compiled from the ransomware.live profile for Babuk2 and from this database. Figures and technique mappings are quoted from the source data, not inferred.

Babuk2, formerly known as Bjorka or SkyWave, has conducted ransomware attacks on 180 victims across 52 countries, targeting sectors like Public Sector, Technology, and Healthcare.

Who Babuk2 is

Babuk Locker 2.0, also known as Bjorka or SkyWave, after failing to make any profit from selling public databases on forums, decided to impersonate Babuk Ransomware group. He launched a blog where he claimed multiple public breaches from BreachForums as ransomware attacks

Recorded activity

Disclosures attributed to Babuk2 in this database run from January 2025 to April 2025, totalling 180 victims โ€” 0.8% of everything tracked here. Babuk2 has listed victims in 52 countries in this database, most often United States, followed by Brazil and India. The sectors appearing most in its listings are Public Sector, Technology, Healthcare.

YARA detection rules

babuk2.yar
/*
babuk2 ransomware
*/

rule babuk2_Ransomnote
{
    meta:
        author = "ransomware.live"
        family = "ransomware.babuk2"
        description = "Detects babuk2 ransomware ransom note or artifact"
        date = "2026-05-04"
        severity = 7
        score = 70

    strings:
        $name1 = "babuk2" ascii nocase
        $name2 = "BABUK2" ascii
        $onion  = "babuk2.onion" ascii nocase

    condition:
        any of them
}

Community-contributed rules for Babuk2, reproduced as published. Test them against your own corpus before relying on them: rule quality and false-positive behaviour vary by author.

Threat Actor Analysis

Babuk2 is a ransomware threat group that has disclosed 180 victims in publicly accessible leak site data, representing 0.8% of all ransomware attacks tracked in this database. The earliest victim disclosure attributed to Babuk2 in our dataset dates to January 2025.

Geographically, Babuk2 has targeted organisations in 52 countries. The most frequently targeted nation is United States with 34 victim organisations. Other heavily targeted nations include Brazil, India, Indonesia.

Industry-wise, Babuk2 shows a concentration in the Public Sector, Technology, Healthcare sectors. These industries are frequently targeted because they manage sensitive data, critical operations, or have lower tolerance for operational downtime โ€” conditions that increase ransom payment likelihood.

Like most modern ransomware operations, Babuk2 likely employs a double extortion model: encrypting victim files while simultaneously exfiltrating data, creating dual pressure to pay the ransom. Victim organisations that refuse payment face having their data published on the group's dark web leak site.

Note: This profile is generated from public leak site disclosures aggregated via the ransomware.live API. Data is updated automatically. The table below lists the 100 most recent of the 180 disclosures we hold for this group; use the link beneath it to page through all of them.

Recent Victim Disclosures (showing 100 of 180)

# Organization Country Sector Date
1 tecnologias.mspz2.gob.ec tecnologias.mspz2.gob.ec EC Public Sector Apr 23, 2025
2 rheinmetall.com (Rheinmetall Defence) rheinmetall.com ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Germany Manufacturing Apr 4, 2025
3 turkish defense military ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ท Turkey Public Sector Apr 4, 2025
4 Bangladesh Armed Forces (BangLadesh Army) BD Public Sector Apr 3, 2025
5 ezbuy.sg (Singapore Shopping) ezbuy.sg ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Singapore Consumer Services Apr 3, 2025
6 gangotreehomes.com (RealEstate) gangotreehomes.com ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ India Consumer Services Apr 3, 2025
7 Hellenic Airforce ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท Greece Public Sector Apr 3, 2025
8 Iran gas service system IR Energy Apr 3, 2025
9 kfar hatta medical center - Lebanon LB Healthcare Apr 3, 2025
10 Polizia italia mail access poliziadistato.it ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Italy Public Sector Apr 3, 2025
11 Saudi Arabian military and government internal center ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Saudi Arabia Public Sector Apr 3, 2025
12 Secret plans of Indian army โ€” Public Sector Apr 3, 2025
13 zalora.sg (Singapore Shopping) zalora.sg ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Singapore Consumer Services Apr 3, 2025
14 aosense.com - AO Sense INC. aosense.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Technology Apr 2, 2025
15 ascires.com ascires.com ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Spain Healthcare Apr 2, 2025
16 dardoc.com dardoc.com ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Denmark โ€” Apr 2, 2025
17 drdo.gov.in drdo.gov.in ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ India Public Sector Apr 2, 2025
18 navy-mil-bd BD Public Sector Apr 2, 2025
19 uniproof.com.br uniproof.com.br ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Brazil โ€” Apr 1, 2025
20 (UPDATE) - whitecapcanada.com ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Canada Technology Apr 1, 2025
21 moh.gov.rw moh.gov.rw RW Public Sector Mar 31, 2025
22 pln.co.id - PLN INDONESIA pln.co.id ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Indonesia Energy Mar 31, 2025
23 Atlantic Coast Consulting Inc ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Business Services Mar 29, 2025
24 brune.com.br - Group MC (conglomerate) brune.com.br ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Brazil Manufacturing Mar 29, 2025
25 elsoms.com elsoms.com ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง United Kingdom Agriculture and Food Production Mar 29, 2025
26 icvc.co - Instituto Cardiovascular del Cesar icvc.co ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ด Colombia Healthcare Mar 29, 2025
27 iDRAC (Integrated Dell Remote Access Controller) management interface for Dell servers ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Technology Mar 29, 2025
28 La Futura ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Italy โ€” Mar 29, 2025
29 modiin-ezrachi.co.il modiin-ezrachi.co.il ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Israel โ€” Mar 29, 2025
30 theeyeclinicsurgicenter.com - The Eye Clinic Surgicenter company โ€” Healthcare Mar 29, 2025
31 towellengineering.net towellengineering.net ๐Ÿ‡ด๐Ÿ‡ฒ Oman Manufacturing Mar 29, 2025
32 healthcasts.com healthcasts.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Healthcare Mar 28, 2025
33 leadzen.ai leadzen.ai ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ India Technology Mar 28, 2025
34 pureincubation.com pureincubation.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Technology Mar 28, 2025
35 unired.uz unired.uz UZ โ€” Mar 28, 2025
36 nadra.gov.pk - NADRA official Of Pakistan Army & (Andhra Pradesh) nadra.gov.pk ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฐ Pakistan Public Sector Mar 27, 2025
37 alliedwoundcare.com alliedwoundcare.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Healthcare Mar 26, 2025
38 aman-iraq.com aman-iraq.com IQ โ€” Mar 26, 2025
39 crimsgroup.com crimsgroup.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States โ€” Mar 26, 2025
40 heras.co.uk heras.co.uk ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง United Kingdom Manufacturing Mar 26, 2025
41 israel Infrastructure & Secret Documents intelligence information ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Israel Public Sector Mar 26, 2025
42 mot.gov.iq - Iraqi Ministry of Commerce (Of Trade) IQ Public Sector Mar 26, 2025
43 kalesavunma.com - KALE SAVUNMA. ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ท Turkey Manufacturing Mar 25, 2025
44 airexplore.aero airexplore.aero ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Slovakia Transportation/Logistics Mar 24, 2025
45 iberdrola.com (Spain energy) ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Spain Energy Mar 24, 2025
46 inmarsat.com inmarsat.com ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง United Kingdom Telecommunication Mar 22, 2025
47 jp-property.com jp-property.com ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต Japan โ€” Mar 22, 2025
48 Synesis Surveillance System ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ Russia Technology Mar 22, 2025
49 armetal.com armetal.com ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Saudi Arabia Manufacturing Mar 21, 2025
50 exostar.com TOP Defense AS โ€” Technology Mar 21, 2025
51 Mpaj.gov.my Mpaj.gov.my ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡พ Malaysia Public Sector Mar 21, 2025
52 Standard Capital Securities (Pvt) Backoffice - Pakistan Stock Market Data Vault ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฐ Pakistan Financial Services Mar 21, 2025
53 The Ticktin Law Group ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Business Services Mar 21, 2025
54 amazon.com amazon.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Technology Mar 20, 2025
55 Corporate access, up to Shipping Apps in QATAR ๐Ÿ‡ถ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Qatar Transportation/Logistics Mar 20, 2025
56 fr.sodexo.com fr.sodexo.com ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท France Hospitality and Tourism Mar 20, 2025
57 mof.go.th - Ministry of Finance (Thailand) ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ญ Thailand Public Sector Mar 20, 2025
58 mohrss.gov.cn ( Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security ) ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ China Public Sector Mar 20, 2025
59 smic.mi.th (Thailand Intelligence Agency) ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ญ Thailand Public Sector Mar 20, 2025
60 woqod.com woqod.com ๐Ÿ‡ถ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Qatar Energy Mar 20, 2025
61 Access Panel Financial Technology Company (Thailand) ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ญ Thailand Technology Mar 19, 2025
62 Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission... ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ China Public Sector Mar 19, 2025
63 Municipal taxation Secretariat Access - Brazil Goverment ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Brazil Public Sector Mar 19, 2025
64 nimapinfotech.com nimapinfotech.com ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ India Technology Mar 19, 2025
65 rac.gov.my rac.gov.my ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡พ Malaysia Public Sector Mar 19, 2025
66 United States County Palm Beach Goverment ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Public Sector Mar 19, 2025
67 www.gob.ve gob.ve VE Public Sector Mar 19, 2025
68 dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id (SIAK DUKCAPIL MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS OF INDONESIA) ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Indonesia Public Sector Mar 18, 2025
69 esaote.com esaote.com ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Italy Healthcare Mar 18, 2025
70 hcahealthcare.com INC. ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Healthcare Mar 18, 2025
71 highwirepress.com highwirepress.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Technology Mar 18, 2025
72 kominfo.go.id kominfo.go.id ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Indonesia Public Sector Mar 18, 2025
73 nstda.or.th nstda.or.th ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ญ Thailand Technology Mar 18, 2025
74 Otelier.io Otelier.io ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Technology Mar 18, 2025
75 pajak.go.id pajak.go.id ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Indonesia Public Sector Mar 18, 2025
76 sp.tnitelecom.com sp.tnitelecom.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Telecommunication Mar 18, 2025
77 whitecapcanada.com whitecapcanada.com ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Canada Technology Mar 18, 2025
78 icmr.gov.in icmr.gov.in ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ India Public Sector Mar 17, 2025
79 taobao.com taobao.com ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ China Technology Mar 17, 2025
80 This entry has been removed following a request from the company ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ China Technology Mar 17, 2025
81 Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) fdot.gov ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Public Sector Mar 16, 2025
82 JD.com Inc (Chinese) ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ China Technology Mar 16, 2025
83 Ministry Of Defense of the Republic Of Korea ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท South Korea Public Sector Mar 16, 2025
84 Orange.com Orange.com ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท France Telecommunication Mar 16, 2025
85 Belarus E-commerce & Energy Data BY Technology Mar 15, 2025
86 knesset.gov.il knesset.gov.il ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Israel Public Sector Mar 15, 2025
87 nrru.ac.th - University nrru.ac.th ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ญ Thailand Education Mar 15, 2025
88 cch.org.tw - Changhua Christian Hospital cch.org.tw ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ผ Taiwan Healthcare Mar 14, 2025
89 iaai.com - Washington DC DMV iaai.com ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States Business Services Mar 14, 2025
90 Indian military and government defense 20TB โ€” Public Sector Mar 14, 2025
91 Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission China ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ China Public Sector Mar 14, 2025
92 movistar.com.pe movistar.com.pe ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ช Peru Telecommunication Mar 14, 2025
93 nuclep.gov.br. Nuclep Brazil nuclep.gov.br ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Brazil Public Sector Mar 14, 2025
94 parliament.iq parliament.iq IQ Public Sector Mar 14, 2025
95 Taiwan - Mackay Hospital mmh.org.tw ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ผ Taiwan Healthcare Mar 14, 2025
96 The Ministry of National Defense - mod.gov.vn (NavyVietnam) mod.gov.vn ๐Ÿ‡ป๐Ÿ‡ณ Vietnam Public Sector Mar 14, 2025
97 web.asia.edu.tw - Taiwan (Asia University) asia.edu.tw ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ผ Taiwan Education Mar 14, 2025
98 Iraqi Council of Ministers cabinet.iq IQ Public Sector Mar 13, 2025
99 Iraqi Ministry of Finance mof.gov.iq IQ Public Sector Mar 13, 2025
100 Baykar Turkish defense company C4I and artificial intelligence c4i.com ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ท Turkey Manufacturing Mar 12, 2025

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Babuk2 ransomware?

Babuk2 is a ransomware threat group that has claimed 180 victims since its first known activity in January 2025. The group operates by infiltrating target networks, exfiltrating data, encrypting files, and threatening to publish stolen data on a dark web leak site if the ransom is not paid.

How many victims has Babuk2 attacked?

Babuk2 has claimed 180 victims in our database, representing 0.8% of all tracked ransomware attacks. The most targeted countries are United States, Brazil, India, Indonesia.

Which countries does Babuk2 target?

Babuk2 has attacked organizations in 52 countries. The top targeted countries are: United States, Brazil, India, Indonesia.

Which industries does Babuk2 target?

Babuk2 most frequently targets the Public Sector, Technology, Healthcare sectors based on victim disclosures in our database.

Is Babuk2 still active?

Babuk2's most recent victim disclosure in our database was on April 23, 2025. Ransomware groups frequently rebrand or go dormant; monitor this page and our ransomware map for the latest activity.